IEC 63305:2024 outlines the procedures for calibrating vector receivers within a frequency range of 5 Hz to 10 kHz, applicable to those operating on two distinct principles. Additionally, it provides an absolute calibration method for inertial vector receivers using optical interferometry in air.

Typically, acoustic wave vector receivers are designed according to one of two principles. The first is the sound pressure difference (gradient) principle, where the vector receiver is securely fixed to a mount and supported in water during measurements. The second is the co-vibrating (inertial) principle, in which the vector receiver is suspended on a mount in a flexible manner, allowing it to co-vibrate in the same direction as sound particles within the sound wave field.

Various calibration methods have been employed for vector receivers, including free-field calibration, calibration within standing wave tubes, and calibration in traveling wave tubes.